Linux 下使用源码编译安装 Nginx

本文介绍了如何在 Debian 以及 Rocky Linux 上使用源码编译安装 Nginx。

安装编译依赖

For Debian

sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y perl libperl-dev libgd3 libgd-dev libgeoip1 libgeoip-dev geoip-bin libxml2 libxml2-dev libxslt1.1 libxslt1-dev

For Rocky Linux 9

sudo dnf groupinstall -y 'Development Tools'
sudo dnf install -y epel-release
sudo dnf install -y perl perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed libxslt libxslt-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel gd gd-devel

sudo dnf install -y https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-9.rpm
sudo dnf install -y GeoIP GeoIP-devel

创建用户以及相关文件夹

创建运行 Nginx 的用户，以及网站和配置文件存放的目录

sudo useradd -r -m -d /home/www -s /sbin/nologin www
# -r 创建一个系统账户
# -s 将 shell 置为 /sbin/nologin
# -m 强制创建 home 目录
# -d /home/www 指定并创建 home 目录

创建 nginx 缓存相关的目录

sudo mkdir -p /var/cache/nginx/client_temp \
  /var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp \
  /var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp \
  /var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp \
  /var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp
sudo chown www:www -R /var/cache/nginx/

创建网站访问日志目录

sudo -u www mkdir /home/www/logs

下载源码

将源码下载至 /usr/local/src

cd /usr/local/src
sudo wget https://www.zlib.net/fossils/zlib-1.2.12.tar.gz
sudo wget http://ftp.cs.stanford.edu/pub/exim/pcre/pcre-8.45.tar.bz2
sudo wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1o.tar.gz
sudo wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz

各自解压缩

cd /usr/local/src
sudo tar -zxf zlib-1.2.12.tar.gz
sudo tar -zxf  openssl-1.1.1o.tar.gz
sudo tar -jxf  pcre-8.45.tar.bz2
sudo tar -zxf  nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz

复制一下 Nginx 的操作手册

sudo cp /usr/local/src/nginx-1.20.2/man/nginx.8 /usr/share/man/man8/
sudo gzip /usr/share/man/man8/nginx.8

编译安装

编译并安装。需要确保编译选项中的路径正确。

cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.20.2

sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
    --modules-path=/usr/lib/nginx/modules \
    --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf \
    --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
    --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \
    --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock \
    --user=www \
    --group=www \
    --with-select_module \
    --with-poll_module \
    --with-threads \
    --with-file-aio \
    --with-http_ssl_module \
    --with-http_v2_module \
    --with-http_realip_module \
    --with-http_addition_module \
    --with-http_xslt_module=dynamic \
    --with-http_image_filter_module=dynamic \
    --with-http_geoip_module=dynamic \
    --with-http_sub_module \
    --with-http_dav_module \
    --with-http_flv_module \
    --with-http_mp4_module \
    --with-http_gunzip_module \
    --with-http_gzip_static_module \
    --with-http_auth_request_module \
    --with-http_random_index_module \
    --with-http_secure_link_module \
    --with-http_degradation_module \
    --with-http_slice_module \
    --with-http_stub_status_module \
    --with-http_perl_module=dynamic \
    --with-perl_modules_path=/usr/share/perl5 \
    --with-perl=/usr/bin/perl \
    --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
    --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp \
    --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp \
    --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp \
    --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp \
    --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp \
    --with-mail=dynamic \
    --with-mail_ssl_module \
    --with-stream=dynamic \
    --with-stream_ssl_module \
    --with-stream_realip_module \
    --with-stream_geoip_module=dynamic \
    --with-stream_ssl_preread_module \
    --with-compat \
    --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.45 \
    --with-pcre-jit \
    --with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.12 \
    --with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.1.1o \
    --with-openssl-opt=no-nextprotoneg \
    --with-debug

sudo make && sudo make install

配置自启动

创建 systemd 单元文件

sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

写入如下配置：

[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
Documentation=https://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/run/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

设置自启动

sudo systemctl enable nginx

启动 Nginx 并查看运行状态

sudo systemctl status nginx

sudo systemctl start nginx